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Human Beta Defensin 2 Selectively Inhibits HIV-1 in Highly Permissive CCR6+CD4+ T Cells.
- Source :
- Viruses (1999-4915); May2017, Vol. 9 Issue 5, p111, 17p
- Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Chemokine receptor type 6 (CCR6)<superscript>+</superscript>CD4<superscript>+</superscript> T cells are preferentially infected and depleted during HIV disease progression, but are preserved in non-progressors. CCR6 is expressed on a heterogeneous population of memory CD4<superscript>+</superscript> T cells that are critical to mucosal immunity. Preferential infection of these cells is associated, in part, with high surface expression of CCR5, CXCR4, and α4β7. In addition, CCR6<superscript>+</superscript>CD4<superscript>+</superscript> T cells harbor elevated levels of integrated viral DNA and high levels of proliferation markers. We have previously shown that the CCR6 ligands MIP-3 and human beta defensins inhibit HIV replication. The inhibition required CCR6 and the induction of APOBEC3G. Here, we further characterize the induction of apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme (APOBEC3G) by human beta defensin 2. Human beta defensin 2 rapidly induces transcriptional induction of APOBEC3G that involves extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) activation and the transcription factors NFATc2, NFATc1, and IRF4. We demonstrate that human beta defensin 2 selectively protects primary CCR6<superscript>+</superscript>CD4<superscript>+</superscript> T cells infected with HIV-1. The selective protection of CCR6<superscript>+</superscript>CD4<superscript>+</superscript> T cell subsets may be critical in maintaining mucosal immune function and preventing disease progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- T cells
HIV infections
LYMPHOCYTES
LENTIVIRUS diseases
CELLS
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19994915
- Volume :
- 9
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Viruses (1999-4915)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 123250564
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/v9050111