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Harnessing the power of regulatory T‐cells to control autoimmune diabetes: overview and perspective.
- Source :
- Immunology; Feb2018, Vol. 153 Issue 2, p161-170, 10p
- Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- Summary: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a T‐cell‐mediated autoimmune disease resulting in islet <italic>β</italic>‐cell destruction, hypoinsulinaemia and severely altered glucose homeostasis. Although the mechanisms that initiate T1D still remain elusive, a breakdown of immune tolerance between effector T‐cells (T<subscript>eff</subscript>) and regulatory T‐cells (T<subscript>reg</subscript>) is considered to be the crucial component leading to autoimmunity. As such, strategies have been developed to boost the number and/or function of T<subscript>reg</subscript> in the hope of specifically hampering the pathogenic T<subscript>eff</subscript> activity. In this review, we will summarize the current understanding of biomarkers and functions of both forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3)<superscript>+</superscript> T<subscript>reg</subscript> and type 1 regulatory T (Tr1) cells in health and in T1D, examine the outcome of experimental therapies in both animal models and humans via manipulation of T<subscript>reg</subscript> responses and also provide an outlook on the potential of T<subscript>reg</subscript>‐based immunotherapies in the prevention and treatment of this disease. Discussed immunotherapies include adoptive transfer of <italic>ex‐vivo</italic> expanded FoxP3<superscript>+</superscript> T<subscript>reg</subscript>, manipulation of T<subscript>reg</subscript> cells via the interleukin (IL)‐2/IL‐2R pathway and induction of T<subscript>reg</subscript> by tolerogenic peptides, tolerogenic dendritic cells or altered gut microbiota. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00192805
- Volume :
- 153
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Immunology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 127287132
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1111/imm.12867