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Impact of Sarcopenia as a Prognostic Biomarker of Bladder Cancer.

Authors :
Fukushima, Hiroshi
Takemura, Kosuke
Suzuki, Hiroaki
Koga, Fumitaka
Source :
International Journal of Molecular Sciences; Oct2018, Vol. 19 Issue 10, p2999, 1p, 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts
Publication Year :
2018

Abstract

Sarcopenia, the degenerative and systemic loss of skeletal muscle mass, indicates patient frailty and impaired physical function. Sarcopenia can be caused by multiple factors, including advanced age, lack of exercise, poor nutritional status, inflammatory diseases, endocrine diseases, and malignancies. In patients with cancer cachexia, anorexia, poor nutrition and systemic inflammation make the metabolic state more catabolic, resulting in sarcopenia. Thus, sarcopenia is considered as one of manifestations of cancer cachexia. Recently, growing evidence has indicated the importance of sarcopenia in the management of patients with various cancers. Sarcopenia is associated with not only higher rates of treatment-related complications but also worse prognosis in cancer-bearing patients. In this article, we summarized metabolic backgrounds of cancer cachexia and sarcopenia and definitions of sarcopenia based on computed tomography (CT) images. We conducted a systematic literature review regarding the significance of sarcopenia as a prognostic biomarker of bladder cancer. We also reviewed recent studies focusing on the prognostic role of changes in skeletal muscle mass during the course of treatment in bladder cancer patients. Lastly, we discussed the impact of nutritional support, medication, and exercise on sarcopenia in cancer-bearing patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
16616596
Volume :
19
Issue :
10
Database :
Complementary Index
Journal :
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
132653498
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19102999