PROCESS OF AMENDMENTS TO THE LEGAL ACTS REGARDING MINIMIZING CO2 EMISSION BY THE SHIPPING INDUSTRY.

The international conventions regarding the climate change, namely the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement, include the recommendations for international organisations that are responsible for the supervision over the transportation other than land transport. The recommendations refer to the efforts of these branches of the economy to reduce global CO₂ emissions. It has been assessed that the maritime transport is the source of around 800 Mt of CO₂ per year emitted to the atmosphere. Given the forecast regarding the increasing CO₂ emission by ships, the IMO, under the Kyoto Protocol, developed and implemented, and updated numerous legal tools. Despite the adoption of the tools aimed at the limiting the CO₂ emitted by ships, it was stated by the IMO that the intention to maintain the global temperature established in 2009, equalled to 2° above the temperature prior to the preindustrial era, was not sufficient. Therefore, in 2017 further amendments to the existing recommendations were made in terms of the reduction of CO₂ emission. They should become determinative to achieve the global temperature included in Art. 2 of the Paris Agreement, which equals to 1,5° above the temperature before the preindustrial era. The international requirements impose the obligation to both ship owners and ship operators to monitor, analyse and report of the CO₂ emission level caused by the current operation. The paper presents the process of amendments to the legal acts in the scope of minimizing CO₂ emission by the international shipping industry in relation to the already existing and planned (in the form of road maps) amendments to the international legislation. Requirements analysis will enable the reader to learn about the legal restrictions and consequences resulting therefrom for ship owners and ship operators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]