ПО ВЪПРОСА ЗА АНАЛИЗА НА ОБРЪЩАЕМОСТТА НА КРАТКОТРАЙНИТЕ АКТИВИ НА ПРЕДПРИЯТИЕТО

Short-term assets are enterprise‘s resources that are involved in its business within the frames of one reporting period and their value is fully carried over to the finished product. In their nature, these are the working capital that can be classified as enterprise‘s liquid assets. The question of short-term assets‘ turnover is topical at all stages and phases of the enterprise‘s development due to the following more important reasons: 1) The acceleration of short-term assets‘ turnover results in the release of resources that can be used in accordance with the decisions made by the enterprise‘s management, and the deceleration of turnover results in difficulties for the business due to shortage of working capital. 2) The acceleration of the turnover of this working capital results in increasing the level of total rate of return of assets, and vice versa – the total rate of return of assets decreases as a result of the deceleration of short-term assets‘ turnover. 3) Turnover of working capital is a factor affecting the enterprise‘s liquidity. 4) The efficient control of the objective dependence between the rate of return and the liquidity suggests and requires analyzing and evaluating the turnover of enterprise‘s short-term assets. This publication studies the turnover of short-term assets, and its subject covers the methodology for analysis of the turnover of these resources of the enterprise. The aim of this study is to present a complex methodology for analysis of short-term assets‘ turnover, and the acceleration or decelerations of their turnover are analyzed from two perspectives. On one hand, they are analyzed as a resultative indicator by identifying the strength and direction of impact of direct factors. On the other hand, acceleration or deceleration of working capital‘s turnover is analyzed as a factor affecting the dynamics of other important business indicators – assets- and liquidity-based rate of return. For the purposes of achieving the aim of this publication the following tasks are defined: 1) The information provision of the analysis is clarified. 2) The indicators for analysis of short-term assets‘ turnover are determined. 3) It is identified whether the turnover of enterprise‘s short-term assets is accelerated or decelerated – as a whole, by groups and by types of assets. 4) The amount of released and the additionally involved short-term assets, respectively, as a result of acceleration, respectively, deceleration of their turnover, is determined. 5) The impact of direct factors on acceleration, respectively, deceleration of short-term assets‘ turnover is identified. 6) The methodologies for analysis of the impact of changes of short-term assets‘ turnover on the total rate of return of assets and on liquidity are determined. Methodologies for analysis of short-term assets‘ turnover are useful both for external and internal users of information. Based on the resultative analytical information, external users build their strategy to establish business contacts with the enterprise. Internal users are able to carry out comprehensive analysis of short-term assets‘ turnover and to make justified and proper decisions for the management of the working capital and the business of the enterprise in operative and strategic aspect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]