Characterizing and Simulating the Movement of Late-Instar Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Regulatory Practices.

The article focuses on the study of European gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar L., which is an invasive insect in North America that feeds on over 300 species of trees and shrubs and occasionally causes extensive defoliation. Topics discussed include effect of food availability and the movement patterns, Monte Carlo simulation model, and harmonic radar.