Roman Italy in the North.

The article focuses on the city of Turin in Italy which owes its faithfulness to Roman antiquity. By a curious coincidence one can pass directly from the office of the Department of Ancient Monuments, by narrow subterranean stairs and passages, among the substructures of the medieval Palazzo Madama, to the considerable remains of the principal gateway of the Augustan City, the Porta Praetoria, over and around which the mediaeval dukes of Savoy built their castle and palace. According to the author, the general plan of Augustus, grandnephew of Julius Caesar, was to establish separate groups of two fortified cities in connection with each of the main Alpine passes.