Audiologic and surgical outcomes in endoscopic revision stapes surgery.

Patients who had a history of prior stapes surgery who underwent totally endoscopic revision stapes surgery were included in the study (three patients from each institution). One patient had a history of three prior stapes surgeries of the ipsilateral ear, whereas the remaining patients had a history of a single prior stapes surgery. Four (66.7%) patients underwent laser stapedotomy; one patient underwent laser stapedectomy; and one patient required an oval window drill-out due to extensive oval window involvement of otosclerosis. (C) Prosthesis displacement (removed) with prolapsed facial nerve (white arrow) and prominent bony overhang (black arrow), which was drilled to allow for prosthesis placement during revision surgery (patient 3). [Extracted from the article]