Challenges in Clinical Trial Design for T Cell‐Based Cancer Immunotherapy.

B Chimeric antigen receptor T cells can induce impressive response rates in patients with refractory B cell malignancies. Adoptive transfer of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes or T cell receptor-engineered T cells are other promising treatment modalities currently in clinical development. Requirements for clinical trial design for T cell-based cancer immunotherapy significantly differ from established criteria for small-molecule or antibody-based anticancer drugs. The development of cellular cancer immunotherapies is spurred by the success of anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells in B cell malignancies. [Extracted from the article]