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Age, Ethnicity, Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency, Micronutrient Powder Intake, and Biomarkers of Micronutrient Status, Infection, and Inflammation Are Associated with Anemia Among Children 6-59 Months in Nepal.
- Source :
- Journal of Nutrition; Apr2020, Vol. 150 Issue 4, p929-937, 9p
- Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- <bold>Background: </bold>Anemia is a major concern for children in Nepal; however, little is known about context-specific causes of anemia.<bold>Objective: </bold>We used cross-sectional data from the 2016 Nepal National Micronutrient Status Survey to evaluate factors associated with anemia in a nationally representative, population-based sample of children 6-59 mo (n = 1367).<bold>Methods: </bold>Hemoglobin, biomarkers of iron status and other micronutrients, infection, inflammation, and blood disorders were assessed from venous blood samples. Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) and Helicobacter pylori infections were assessed from stool. Anthropometry was measured with standard procedures. Sociodemographic and household characteristics, diet, micronutrient powder (MNP) intake, pica, and morbidity recall were ascertained by caregiver interview. Multivariable logistic regression that accounted for complex sampling design, determined predictors of anemia (hemoglobin <11.0 g/dL, altitude adjusted); candidate predictors were variables with P < 0.05 in bivariate models.<bold>Results: </bold>Anemia prevalence was 18.6% (95% CI: 15.8, 21.4). MNP intake [adjusted OR (AOR): 0.25, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.86], log (ln) ferritin (μg/L) (AOR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.38, 0.64), and ln RBP (μmol/L) (AOR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.18, 0.95) were associated with reduced odds of anemia. Younger age (6-23 mo compared with 24-59 mo; AOR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.52, 3.46), other Terai ethnicities (AOR: 2.59, 95% CI: 1.25, 5.35) and Muslim ethnicities (AOR: 3.15, 95% CI: 1.30, 7.65) relative to Brahmin/Chhetri ethnicities, recent fever (AOR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.08, 2.59), ln C-reactive protein (mg/L) (AOR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.45), and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (AOR: 2.84, 95% CI: 1.88, 4.30) were associated with increased odds of anemia.<bold>Conclusion: </bold>Both nonmodifiable and potentially modifiable factors were associated with anemia. Thus some but not all anemia might be addressed through effective public health policy, programs, and delivery of nutrition and infection prevention and control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- GLUCOSE-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
MICRONUTRIENTS
HELICOBACTER pylori infections
ANEMIA
ETHNICITY
HEALTH policy
BIOFORTIFICATION
RESEARCH
INFLAMMATION
RESEARCH methodology
EVALUATION research
MEDICAL cooperation
COMPARATIVE studies
INBORN errors of carbohydrate metabolism
RESEARCH funding
ETHNIC groups
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00223166
- Volume :
- 150
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Journal of Nutrition
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 142689019
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxz307