Single Tests of Thermocline Dwelling Foraminifera Globorotalia inflata as Recorder of Upper Water Column Structure off Mauritania (NW Africa): Methodology and Paleoceanographic Use.

Thermocline‐dwelling foraminifera calcify over a depth range of several hundred meters; analysis of individual shells therefore allows insight to the hydrography of the upper water column. We analyzed δ18O, δ13C, and Mg/Ca of individual tests of the planktonic foraminifera Globorotalia inflata from a sediment core (GeoB7926‐2) obtained from 20°N in the eastern tropical Atlantic. To facilitate sample throughput, tests were cleaned before Mg/Ca analysis using a pipette robot. The eight samples came from five time periods with contrasting climate states. Median reconstructed temperatures were lowest during the warmth of the Bølling Allerød BA) (11.8°C), while highest temperatures (>14°C) were recorded during the cold periods of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), late Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1), and the Younger Dryas (YD). Southward shift in the subtropical gyre during Northern Hemisphere cold periods and modulation by upwelling could explain the temperature change but not all of the salinity change. δ18Oseawater‐IVC indicated that salinity was higher than the global average during the LGM, with very high salinity excursions in HS1 and a smaller excursion in the YD. The upwelling signature was most strongly imprinted on range in δ13C. The large changes in salinity and δ13C between time slices cannot be explained by upwelling intensity but indicate the presence of a very saline water mass, with low δ13C, in the eastern North Atlantic subsurface during Northern Hemisphere cold periods. Key Points: Mg/Ca and stable isotope data from single tests of Globorotalia inflata indicate warm and saline central waters off NW Africa during the Last Glacial Maximum, Heinrich Stadial 1, and the Younger DryasHigh salinity and low δ13C indicate a change in water mass properties over the last 22 kaReduced standard deviation of individual δ13C values within a sample is indicative of increased upwelling [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]