Icy mountains in a warming world: Revisiting science from the end of the 1990s in the early 2020s: This article belongs to Ambio's 50th Anniversary Collection. Theme: Climate change impacts.

Icy mountains in a warming world: Revisiting science from the end of the 1990s in the early 2020s: This article belongs to Ambio's 50th Anniversary Collection. The figures for European summer maximum temperature (Tmax) change - the June-July-August Tmax being a highly relevant metric for summer glacier melt - are of the same order: the decadal-scale anomaly in the 1990s was +0.5 °C and in the past decade has risen to +1.36 °C, i.e., almost an extra degree in just 20 years. While worldwide monitoring of mountain glaciers had a long tradition since the end of the nineteenth century, special efforts were undertaken concerning the much more difficult challenges of documenting changes in mountain permafrost. [Extracted from the article]