An Overview of Cilician Armenian Castles and Fortresses Based on Arabo-Islamic Sources.

European medieval scholarship has generally overlooked the topographical and geographical descriptions relating to the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. This study examines Medieval Arabic historiographies and collates the geographical treatises that contain information related to the history of a harbor fortress in Cilicia, on which Armenian sources are virtually silent. The fortification was named "Canamella" or "Caramella" by the Franks. In Arabic historiography it was called al-Tīnī or Ḥiṣn al-Тīnāt. An attempt is made to gather and collate all data preserved in Muslim and other foreign historical and geographical works, travel accounts, documents and maps of X-XIV cc. about this port town. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]