Literary Contact Zones and Transnational Poetic Space in the Philippine Commonwealth Era: The Poetry of Rafael Zulueta da Costa and José Garcia Villa.

This paper seeks to examine poetic-narrative spaces as contact zones, illuminating the Spanish cultural and linguistic element as it manifests in the literary practices of two major Commonwealth poets in English--Rafael Zulueta da Costa and José Garcia Villa. My objective is twofold, namely, to expand upon the Philippine Commonwealth era as a distinct period in Philippine literary culture marked by a contested globalized aesthetics and politics, and to examine the complex Anglo-Hispanic transcultural and translational processes involved in the literary practices of early writers of Philippine poetry in English who were influenced by their historical milieu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]