Tri‐modal liquid biopsy: Combinational analysis of circulating tumor cells, exosomes, and cell‐free DNA using machine learning algorithm.

CTCs were only found in 65.3% of cancer patients, exosomes were elevated in both benign and malignant tumor patients, and cfDNA levels of early-stage patients were similar to those of the non-cancer cohorts. Tri-modal liquid biopsy: Combinational analysis of circulating tumor cells, exosomes, and cell-free DNA using machine learning algorithm Analysis of tumor biomarkers in circulation, commonly known as liquid biopsy, has been highlighted as an effective real-time monitoring technique for the surveillance of therapeutic responses and tumor progression.1-3 However, existing liquid biopsy assays that utilize a single tumor biomarker lack the sensitivity and specificity required to obtain clinically reliable information.4 In this study, we established a multimodal liquid biopsy (MMLB) system that integrates the expression profiles of the three different tumor biomarkers, circulating tumor cells (CTCs), exosomes, and cell-free DNA (cfDNA), using a machine learning algorithm (Figure 1). GLO:F2H7/01aug21:ctm2499-fig-0001.jpg PHOTO (COLOR): 1 Schematic illustration of the machine learning-based multimodal analysis of the triple tumor biomarkers - CTCs, exosomes, and cfDNA: (A) A graphical abstract of the multimodal liquid biopsy analysis. [Extracted from the article]