The Effect of Azimuth and Tilt Angle Changes on the Energy Balance of Photovoltaic System Installed in the Southern Slovakia Region.

Featured Application: The research results are beneficial for precise prediction of the photovoltaic systems energy production. Presented mathematical models are very valuable for practice, which provide a platform for optimalisation of photovoltaic systems operating conditions in the regions of Central Europe. The research results are focused on the detailed analyzation of the tilt and azimuth angle influence on the photovoltaic energy production. The results are used easily for creation of application for smart devices, because simplified mathematical model equations require the entry of a minimum number of parameters by the user. Energy balance of the photovoltaic system is influenced by many factors. In this article the effect of tilt and azimuth angle changes of the photovoltaic system energy production is analyzed. These parameters have significant impact on the amount of solar radiation which hits on the photovoltaic panel surface and therefore also on the energy absorbed by the module surface. The main aim of research was identification of the optimal position of photovoltaic system installation in the southern Slovakia regions. The experimental apparatus had two setups consisting of polycrystalline photovoltaic modules. The first setup was used for identification of the tilt angle changes in the range (0–90°). The second one was focused on the detection of the azimuth angle effect to the energy production. The measurement results were statistically processed and mathematically analyzed. Obtained dependencies are presented as two-dimensional and three-dimensional graphical relations. Regression equations characterize time relations between the tilt or azimuth angle and the energy produced by the photovoltaic system in Southern Slovakia. Obtained simplified mathematical model was verified by analytical model. Presented models can be used for the dimensioning and optimization of the photovoltaic system energy production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]