Integrating Relay Models in Three-Phase RMS Dynamic Simulation.

This paper presents the modeling of some protective relays commonly used in generation and transmission systems, and their integration in three-phase RMS dynamic simulation tool. The three-phase models of the network and the power apparatuses, utilizing phase frame representation, enlarges the possibility to better represent the protection systems, since the relays involving ground and neutral circuitry can be modeled. The network can be modeled with a node-breaker topology representation, facilitating the integration of protecting relays and the switchgear. The relay modeling framework can also be used in positive-sequence RMS dynamic simulation tools with few adjustments in the measured quantities. Simulation results in realistic small and large-scale systems showing the performance of the proposed relay modeling framework and a comparison with an EMT tool are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]