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Performance of Hydrogen Storage Tanks of Type IV in a Fire: Effect of the State of Charge.
- Source :
- Hydrogen; Dec2021, Vol. 2 Issue 4, p386-398, 13p
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- The use of hydrogen storage tanks at 100% of nominal working pressure (NWP) is expected only after refuelling. Driving between refuellings is characterised by the state of charge SoC <100%. There is experimental evidence that Type IV tanks tested in a fire at initial pressures below 1/3 NWP, leaked without rupture. This paper aims at understanding this phenomenon. The numerical research has demonstrated that the heat transfer from fire through the composite overwrap at storage pressures below NWP/3 is sufficient to melt the polymer liner. This melting initiates hydrogen microleaks through the composite before it loses the load-bearing ability. The fire-resistance rating (FRR) is defined as the time to rupture in a fire of a tank without or with blocked thermally activated pressure relief device. The dependence of a FRR on the SoC is demonstrated for the tanks with defined material properties and volumes in the range of 36–244 L. A composite wall thickness variation is shown to cause a safety issue by reducing the tank's FRR and is suggested to be addressed by tank manufacturers and OEMs. The effect of a tank's burst pressure ratio on the FRR is investigated. Thermal parameters of the composite wall, i.e., decomposition heat and temperatures, are shown in simulations of a tank failure in a fire to play an important role in its FRR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 26734141
- Volume :
- 2
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Hydrogen
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 154393575
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen2040021