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Self-reported symptoms as predictors of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the general population living in the Amsterdam region, the Netherlands.
- Source :
- PLoS ONE; 1/28/2022, Vol. 17 Issue 1, p1-14, 14p
- Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- Introduction: Most COVID-19 symptoms are non-specific and also common in other respiratory infections. We aimed to assess which symptoms are most predictive of a positive test for SARS-CoV-2 in symptomatic people of the general population who were tested. Methods: We used anonymised data of all SARS-CoV-2 test results from the Public Health Service of Amsterdam from June 1,2020 through August 31, 2021. Symptoms were self-reported at time of requesting a test. Multivariable logistic regression models with generalized estimating equations were used to identify predictors of a positive test. Included symptoms were: cough, fever, loss of smell or taste, muscle ache, runny nose, shortness of breath, and throat ache; adjustments were made for age and gender, and stratification by month. Results: Overall, 12.0% of 773,680 tests in 432,213 unique individuals were positive. All symptoms were significantly associated with a positive test result, the strongest positive associations were: cough (aOR = 1.78, 95%CI = 1.75–1.80), fever (aOR = 2.11, 95%CI = 2.07–2.14), loss of smell or taste (aOR = 2.55, 95%CI = 2.50–2.61), and muscle ache (aOR = 2.38, 95%CI = 2.34–2.43). The adjusted odds ratios for loss of smell or taste slightly declined over time, while that for cough increased. Conclusion: Cough, fever, loss of smell or taste, and muscle ache appear to be most strongly associated with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test in symptomatic people of the general population who were tested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- COUGH
SMELL
GENERALIZED estimating equations
RHINORRHEA
SYMPTOMS
SARS-CoV-2
INFECTION
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Volume :
- 17
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- PLoS ONE
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 154929194
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262287