Progress and controversy in comprehensive treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Hilar cholangiocarcinoma is a tumor with a poor prognosis, which is difficult to diagnosis in the early stage and has caused lots of controversies in clinical treatment. At present, surgical resection provides the main possibility for cure. Precise evaluation and adequate preparation before surgery and safe, effective, standardized resection are the key methods to successful treatment. Comprehensive treatment based on chemotherapy improves the survival of patients. In the future, guided by concepts of oncology, comprehensive treatment of multiple modes, containing surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immune therapy and biological therapy, is the development trend of hilar cholangiocarcinoma treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]