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Immunomodulatory Potential of Non-Classical HLA-G in Infections including COVID-19 and Parasitic Diseases.
- Source :
- Biomolecules (2218-273X); Feb2022, Vol. 12 Issue 2, p257, 1p
- Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- Human Leukocyte Antigen-G (HLA-G), a polymorphic non-classical HLA (HLA-Ib) with immune-regulatory properties in cancers and infectious diseases, presents both membrane-bound and soluble (sHLA-G) isoforms. Polymorphism has implications in host responses to pathogen infections and in pathogenesis. Differential expression patterns of HLA-G/sHLA-G or its polymorphism seem to be related to different pathological conditions, potentially acting as a disease progression biomarker. Pathogen antigens might be involved in the regulation of both membrane-bound and sHLA-G levels and impact immune responses during co-infections. The upregulation of HLA-G in viral and bacterial infections induce tolerance to infection. Recently, sHLA-G was found useful to identify the prognosis of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among patients and it was observed that the high levels of sHLA-G are associated with worse prognosis. The use of pathogens, such as Plasmodium falciparum, as immune modulators for other infections could be extended for the modulation of membrane-bound HLA-G in COVID-19-infected tissues. Overall, such information might open new avenues concerning the effect of some pathogens such as parasites in decreasing the expression level of HLA-G to restrict pathogenesis in some infections or to influence the immune responses after vaccination among others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2218273X
- Volume :
- 12
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Biomolecules (2218-273X)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 155710464
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12020257