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The illness was what the patient feels when he goes to the doctor, the disease was what he has on the way home. The illness was a patient context. The study was conducted to synthesize the concept of illness in ethnic communities in Indonesia. This research was carried out with a metaethnographic approach. A literature search was carried out for ethnographic studies in Indonesia which have been published with the help of Scopus, Google Scholar and Indonesia Publication Index, specifically for the last five years (2013-2018), with keywords: illness, disease, self-efficacy, traditional medicine, indigenous medicine, and health-seeking, we used in various combinations to identify relevant literature. The sample in this metaethnography study obtained 15 relevant research literature. The synthesis results reveal a metaphor that describes the concept of illness, that was "not being able to move as usual", and two metaphors for causing illness, are "due to supernatural or magical things", and "for violating taboos". This study concludes that the concept of illness in ethnic communities in Indonesia was different from the concept of disease in the modern medical world. The concept of illness from the perspective of ethnic communities was closely related to the pattern of health-seeking behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]