'Naturally Clean and Wholesome': Women, Sex Education, and the United States Public Health Service, 1918-1928.

In 1918, the United States Public Health Service (PHS) launched a sex education campaign intended to educate Americans, young and old, male and female, on the perils of venereal disease (VD). As 'the guardians of the community's health', women were central to this effort and the PHS aggressively called upon these newly-enfranchised citizens to provide comprehensive sex education in their homes, schools, churches, and community settings. But even as the PHS called upon women to spearhead local and community efforts against VD, they used highly stereotyped images to endorse and advocate passive images of women and female sexuality. An analysis of this campaign and its failure provides insight into the ways in which the federal government attempted to use the forum of public health, both to re-shape the family and transform existing patterns of sexual behaviour during the 1920s. The failure of these attempts also provides a new understanding into the question of why federally-funded sex education programmes have generally been so unsuccessful in the USA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]