Decreased Stability of the Infrastructure of Russia's Fuel and Energy Complex in the Arctic Because of the Increased Annual Average Temperature of the Surface Layer of the Cryolithozone.

The impact of facilities of various branches of Russia's fuel and energy complex (FEC) on the Arctic permafrost zone and their stability due to climate change and the state of the upper horizons of the permafrost zone are discussed. Effective approaches are described in the design, construction, and operation of FEC facilities in permafrost. For the most significant subsectors of the energy sector (oil and gas production and transportation, electricity provision), an assessment of the economic damage as a result of changes in engineering and cryological conditions under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors was carried out. The necessity of introducing new design and construction methods, carrying out complex background and geotechnical monitoring at the FEC enterprises, and creating a center for analyzing the received data is shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]