A Study on the Spatial Association Network of CO 2 Emissions from the Perspective of City Size: Evidence from the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration.

City size expansion in China creates substantial economic circulation, which impacts CO₂ emissions. Since CO₂ production primarily comes from human activities, CO₂ emissions are mainly in cities. To achieve China's carbon neutrality and provide specific implementation guidance for future carbon-reduction policies, it is worth assessing China's pressure on carbon reduction in the urban aspect. Highly developed social productivity and a market economy lead to a dramatic increase in the interconnection between cities, and the spatial distribution of CO₂ emissions emerges in a spatial association. Therefore, it is of great significance to investigate the interaction of CO₂ emissions with spatial effects. Taking the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration (YRDUA) as the research target area, this paper utilizes city-size indices to construct spatial-association networks of CO₂ emissions for the first time. It employs social network analysis to explore the structures of whole networks, clusters, and city nodes. The main results show that: (1) the spatial associations of CO₂ emissions in the YRDUA's cities have become tighter over time. (2) The networks of CO₂ emissions in the YRDUA's cities have noticeable spatial-spillover effects, and the interaction of CO₂ emissions between cities is dominant. (3) Nanjing is the paramount "bridge" node in the networks. (4) Nanjing, Hangzhou, Wuxi, Shanghai, Changzhou, Suzhou, Nantong, and Hefei will be the decisive cities for efficient CO₂ emission control in the future. Overall, this paper reveals the role of carbon reduction in the YRDUA's cities and proposes suggestions for establishing a transboundary energy-saving mechanism to improve the efficiency of energy conservation and emission reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]