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Protective role of protocatechuic acid in carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative stress via modulation of proinflammatory cytokines levels in brain and liver of Wistar rats.
- Source :
- Journal of Basic & Clinical Physiology & Pharmacology; Mar2022, Vol. 33 Issue 2, p143-154, 12p
- Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- Protocatechuic acid (PCA) possesses numerous pharmacological activities, including antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. This study seeks to investigate its underlying mechanism of action in the liver and brain toxicity induced by CCl<subscript>4</subscript> in male albino rats. Rats were given PCA at 10 and 20 mg/kg daily and orally as a pretreatment for seven days. A single injection of CCl<subscript>4</subscript> was given 2 h later to induce brain and liver toxicity. CCl<subscript>4</subscript> moderately elevated the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). PCA lowered AST level significantly when compared to control. Total protein and albumin levels presented insignificant changes (p>0.05) in all groups while lipid profile showed increased total cholesterol level and reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) by CCl<subscript>4</subscript>. PCA (10 mg/kg) significantly reduced the cholesterol level while the 20 mg/kg dose moderately prevented HDL reduction. There was an increased MDA production with a corresponding low GSH level in the group treated with CCl<subscript>4</subscript>. Activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione-S-transferase in both organs also declined. PCA, especially at 10 mg/kg attenuated lipid peroxidation by increasing GSH level in the organs. Biochemical assays revealed the improvement of antioxidant enzyme activities by PCA in these organs. Furthermore, PCA lowered the level of proinflammatory cytokine COX 2 in the brain and liver while NF-kB expression was inhibited in the brain. Histopathology reports validated the effects of PCA. PCA exhibited protection against toxicity in these tissues through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and the potential mechanism might be through modulation of the NF-κB/COX-2 pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- CYTOKINES
BRAIN
BIOLOGICAL models
ALKALINE phosphatase
PROTEINS
ALBUMINS
BIOCHEMISTRY
LIVER
ANTI-inflammatory agents
ANIMAL experimentation
PHENOMENOLOGICAL biology
HYDROCARBONS
OXIDATIVE stress
HEPATOTOXICOLOGY
RATS
HIGH density lipoproteins
CARBOCYCLIC acids
ASPARTATE aminotransferase
ALANINE aminotransferase
LIPIDS
CHOLESTEROL
PHARMACODYNAMICS
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 07926855
- Volume :
- 33
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Journal of Basic & Clinical Physiology & Pharmacology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 157521738
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0202