Guest Editorial Introduction to the Special Section on Innovative Electrified Vehicles.

The article presents the discussion on predictive energy management strategy of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles by real-time optimization and data-driven calibration. Topics include relating to road vehicles, the electrification of railway vehicles, air and water vehicles requiring fast development in combating the global climate change; and criteria for fuel cell operation finding the best trade-off between hydrogen consumption and number of start-ups.