Inflammation in primarily and secondarily‐enucleated eyes with uveal melanoma.

Purpose Uveal melanoma with a bad prognosis contain high numbers of infiltrating macrophages, especially of the M2 phenotype, and different subsets of lymphocytes. The aim of this study is to determine the presence of inflammatory cells in uveal melanoma‐containing eyes enucleated after different types of irradiation, i.e. ruthenium‐106 brachytherapy, sandwich therapy, or proton beam irradiation. Methods We analyzed 46 eyes enucleated due to tumor recurrence, non‐responsiveness, or complications after irradiation. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to determine the presence of CD68+ and CD68+CD163+macrophages, CD3+, CD8+ and Foxp3+ regulatory T lymphocytes. Outcomes were compared with known clinical and histological prognostic parameters. Results Numbers of CD68+ and CD68+CD163+ macrophages in secondarily‐enucleated eyes varied widely, but was not related to the reason for enucleation. The median of CD3, CD8, FoxP3+ lymphocyte counts was 55, 99 and 9 cells/mm2, respectively. When compared to primarily‐enucleated eyes, the lymphocytic infiltration was significantly (p<.02) higher in irradiated eyes. Conclusion Numbers of T‐lymphocytes and macrophages varied widely. Irradiation has no clear effect on the number and type of macrophages in uveal melanoma. However, there were higher numbers of lymphocytes in previously irradiated uveal melanoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]