Transportation of TiO2/GO–H2O hybrid nanofluid between two discs.

The MHD flow of hybrid nanofluid between the coaxial, stretching, and rotating discs in the presence of porous medium along with the convective boundary conditions and thermal relaxation time is numerically investigated in this article. We have considered GO–water (gallic oxide nanoparticles with water) and TiO₂–water (titanium dioxide nanoparticles with water) hybrid nanofluids. The nonlinear coupled differential equations are solved using a suitable code and ND-solver in Mathematica software, which is based on the finite difference method (FDM). The various interesting results are unfolded from this study. The tangential velocity of both nanofluids is decreased on increasing the values of porosity parameter (β ), magnetic parameter (M) and Reynolds number (Re), while it is increased on increasing the value of rotation parameters (Ω ). The temperature of both nanofluids is reduced on enhancing the values of Prandtl number (Pr), Eckert number (Ec), Re, β , and M, while it enhances on increasing the values of γ 1 and γ 2 . Further, the temperature of TiO₂–water nanofluid reduces on enhancing the values of the thermal relaxation parameter (γ ), while the temperature of GO–water nanofluid is enhanced. Since the thermal relaxation time reflects how quickly fluid loses heat energy, parameter γ has dual nature on temperature profiles for both TiO₂–water and GO–water nanofluids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]