Decoding the Human Genetic and Immunological Basis of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine-Induced Myocarditis.

More than 10 billion doses of COVID-19 vaccines have been administered worldwide in the span of 18 months, providing an unprecedented opportunity to study and understand immunological responses and clinical reactions to vaccines. Myocarditis (with or without pericarditis) following vaccination with COVID-19 mRNA vaccines is the serious adverse event most closely monitored by national agencies and vaccine producers [[11]]. It is unknown whether they are triggered by the adjuvant (lipid nanoparticles for the mRNA vaccines), the vaccine antigen (the perfusion-stabilized spike protein translated by the human cells), the core components of the vaccine (the nucleoside-modified mRNA), or a combination thereof. COVID-19 mRNA vaccines are very effective at preventing hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia. [Extracted from the article]