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Phantosmia May Predict Long-Term Measurable Olfactory Dysfunction After COVID-19.
- Source :
- Laryngoscope; Dec2022, Vol. 132 Issue 12, p2445-2452, 8p
- Publication Year :
- 2022
-
Abstract
- Objectives: Persistent olfactory dysfunction (OD) after 6 months caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection has been reported with a variable prevalence worldwide. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of long-term OD and identify predisposing factors. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 100 adults with COVID-19. Olfactory function was assessed with the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test and a symptom survey at the onset of disease and 30 days later. Patients with persistent quantitative OD at the second assessment were reevaluated after 1 year. Demographic variables, symptoms, and the degree of smell loss were analyzed. Results: Participants included 100 patients. The mean age was 42.2 ± 15.6 years, 55 (55%) were female, and 56 (56%) were outpatients. Baseline smell loss was identified in 75/100 (75%) patients, decreasing to 39/95 (40%) after 1 month, and persisting in 29 patients after 1 year. Phantosmia at baseline was the only risk factor identified for persistent OD after 1 year (relative risk 2.51; 95% confidence interval 1.53–4.12; p < 0.001). Regardless of the outcome in smell function, a significant decline in olfaction was associated with the presence of phantosmia at 1 month (β = 12.39; 95% CI 19.82 to 4.95; p < 0.01). Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 (2019–2020 variants) produced a highly frequent OD that persisted in 29% of the patients after 1 year. The presence of phantosmia at baseline and 1 month was associated with a worse evolution, but phantosmia may interfere with the performance in an identification smell test. A longer follow-up is required in these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0023852X
- Volume :
- 132
- Issue :
- 12
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Laryngoscope
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 160767989
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.30391