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Effect of Guizhi Fuling Capsule on Apoptosis of Myeloma Cells Through Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathway.
- Source :
- Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine; Feb2023, Vol. 29 Issue 2, p127-136, 10p
- Publication Year :
- 2023
-
Abstract
- Objective: To observe the effects of Guizhi Fuling Capsule (GZFLC) on myeloma cells and explore the mechanisms. Methods: MM1S and RPMI 8226 cells were co-cultured with different concentrations of serum and the cell experiments were divided into negative (10%, 20% and 40%) groups, GZFLC (10%, 20%, and 40%) groups and a control group. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays and flow cytometry were used to detect the viability and apoptosis levels of myeloma cells. The effects on mitochondria were examined by reactive oxygen specie (ROS) and tetrechloro-tetraethylbenzimidazol carbocyanine iodide (JC-1) assays. Western blot was used to detect the expression of B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X (Bax), cleaved caspase-3, -9, cytochrome C (Cytc) and apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 (Apaf-1). RPMI 8226 cells (2 × 10<superscript>7</superscript>) were subcutaneously inoculated into 48 nude mice to study the in vivo antitumor effects of GZFLC. The mice were randomly divided into four groups using a completely randomized design, the high-, medium-, or low-dose GZFLC (840, 420, or 210 mg/kg per day, respectively) or an equal volume of distilled water, administered daily for 15 days. The tumor volume changes in and survival times of the mice in the GZFLC-administered groups and a control group were observed. Cytc and Apaf-1 expression levels were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: GZFLC drug serum decreased the viability and increased the apoptosis of myeloam cells (P<0.05). In addition, this drug increased the ROS levels and decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential (P<0.01). Western blot showed that the Bcl-2/Bax ratios were decreased in the GZFLC drug serum-treated groups, whereas the expression levels of cleaved caspase-3, -9, Cytc and Apaf-1 were increased (all P<0.01). Over time, the myeloma tumor volumes of the mice in the GZFLC-administered groups decreased, and survival time of the mice in the GZFLC-administered groups were longer than that of the mice in the control group. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor tissues from the mice in the GZFLC-administered groups revealed that the Cytc and Apaf-1 expression levels were increased (P<0.05). Conclusion: GZFLC promoted apoptosis of myeloma cells through the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and significantly reduced the tumor volumes in mice with myeloma, which prolonged the survival times of the mice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- FLOW cytometry
HERBAL medicine
ANIMAL experimentation
WESTERN immunoblotting
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY
APOPTOSIS
B cell lymphoma
MITOCHONDRIA
CELLULAR signal transduction
GENE expression profiling
SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry)
MULTIPLE myeloma
REACTIVE oxygen species
CHINESE medicine
MICE
THERAPEUTICS
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 16720415
- Volume :
- 29
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 161768043
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s11655-022-3624-6