Modeling and simulation of high flow medical CO2 insufflator using PID-P, PID-PQT, and MPC-PQT controllers.

In laparoscopic minimally invasive surgeries (MIS), high flow medical Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) insufflator is employed to supply CO₂ gas forming a gas-filled room inside the abdominal cavity with an evident outlook of intramural parts of the body. Three models of high flow medical CO₂ insufflator are presented using MATLAB/SIMULINK-Simscape tool. Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controllers are selected to separately control pressure, flow, and temperature variables of the first two models (PID-P and PID-PQT). Model Predictive Controller (MPC) is another type of controllers that is favored to control these variables simultaneously for the third model (MPC-PQT). Parameters, specified measurements, and compartments were tuned to achieve smooth running of the systems. Tuning of the controllers is considered to boost the simulation of the models and bring forth preferable results of pressure 0.073 bar (≈ 55 mmHg) in the peritoneal cavity for overweighed patients, in addition to maintaining a temperature of 37 °C as time continues. These outcomes with stability and more realistic curvatures are provided in reasonable short-time scales of few seconds, and of less than one second in the case of MPC-PQT model emphasizing the importance of high flow concept for insufflation purposes in the laparoscopic MIS domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]