Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Photocatalytic Water Splitting and CO2 Reduction.

Photocatalytic water splitting and carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction provide promising solutions to global energy and environmental issues. In recent years, metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs), a class of crystalline porous solids featuring well‐defined and tailorable structures as well as high surface areas, have captured great interest toward photocatalytic water splitting and CO2 reduction. In this review, the semiconductor‐like behavior of MOFs is first discussed. We then summarize the recent advances in photocatalytic water splitting and CO2 reduction over MOF‐based materials and focus on the unique advantage of MOFs for clarifying the structure‐property relationship in photocatalysis. In addition, some representative characterization techniques have been presented to unveil the photocatalytic kinetics and reaction intermediates in MOF‐based systems. Finally, the challenges, and perspectives for future directions are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]