A REVIEW OF SOLIDIFICATION/STABILIZATION OF HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATED SOIL.

Heavy metal contamination has occurred as a result of industrial civilization. Zinc, copper, chromium, and lead are the most prevalent heavy metal pollutants. Heavy metal contamination has arisen as a significant environmental issue on a global scale. Human and environmental health is at risk when soils are contaminated. as well as having poor engineering qualities. Solidification/Stabilization is a critical remediation strategy for polluted soils which is both efficient and cost-effective. The solidification/stabilization approach has been frequently used to rehabilitate heavy metal-contaminated areas. First, The use of gypsum to strengthen and leach polluted soils was reviewed. Also, cement/fly ash-solidified/stabilized soils have better engineering qualities. On the other hand, the global output of phosphogypsum surpasses 300 million tons, raising disposal and environmental problems every year. The efficiency of the phosphogypsum-based stabilization/solidification technique was investigated, and the methods employed biochar and chemical agents such as citric acid and FeCl3. This review examines various remediation options as well as innovative soil amendments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]