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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus changes alfalfa (Medicago sativa) metabolites in response to leaf spot (Phoma medicaginis) infection, with subsequent effects on pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) behavior.

Authors :
Li, Yingde
Nan, Zhibiao
Matthew, Cory
Wang, Yajie
Duan, Tingyu
Source :
New Phytologist; Jul2023, Vol. 239 Issue 1, p286-300, 15p
Publication Year :
2023

Abstract

Summary: Plant disease occurs simultaneously with insect attack. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) modify plant biotic stress response. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and pathogens may modify plant volatile organic compound (VOC) production and insect behavior. Nevertheless, such effects are rarely studied, particularly for mesocosms where component organisms interact with each other.Plant‐mediated effects of leaf pathogen (Phoma medicaginis) infection on aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) infestation, and role of AMF (Rhizophagus intraradices) in modifying these interactions were elucidated in a glasshouse experiment. We evaluated alfalfa disease occurrence, photosynthesis, phytohormones, trypsin inhibitor (TI) and total phenol response to pathogen and aphid attack, with or without AMF, and aphid behavior towards VOCs from AMF inoculated and non‐mycorrhizal alfalfa, with or without pathogen infection.AM fungus enhanced alfalfa resistance to pathogen and aphid infestation. Plant biomass, root : shoot ratio, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, salicylic acid, and TI were significantly increased in AM‐inoculated alfalfa. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and pathogen significantly changed alfalfa VOCs. Aphids preferred VOCs of AM‐inoculated and nonpathogen‐infected to nonmycorrhizal and pathogen‐infected alfalfa.We propose that AMF alter plant response to multiple biotic stresses in ways both beneficial and harmful to the plant host, providing a basis for strategies to manage pathogens and herbivore pests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
0028646X
Volume :
239
Issue :
1
Database :
Complementary Index
Journal :
New Phytologist
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
164065520
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.18924