One-step electrodeposition preparation of boron nitride and samarium co-modified Ti/PbO2 anode with ultra-long lifetime: highly efficient degradation of lincomycin wastewater.

Lincomycin (LC) is an extensively applied broad-spectrum antibiotic, and its considerable residues in wastewater have caused a series of environmental problems, which makes degradation of LC wastewater extremely urgent. In this work, we have constructed a novel boron nitride (BN) and samarium (Sm) co-modified Ti/PbO₂ as anode for high-performance degradation of LC wastewater. Compared with Ti/PbO₂, Ti/PbO₂-Sm, and Ti/PbO₂-BN electrodes, Ti/PbO₂-BN-Sm electrode with smaller pyramidal particles possesses higher oxygen evolution potential (2.32 V), excellent accelerated service life (103 h), and outstanding electrocatalytic activity. The single-factor experiments demonstrate that under optimized conditions (current density of 20 mA.cm^-2, 6.0 g L^-1 Na₂SO₄, pH 9, and temperature of 30°C), removal rate and COD degradation rate of LC at 3 h have reached 92.85% and 89.11%, respectively. At the same time, degradation of LC is in accordance with the primary kinetic model. Based on the analysis of high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), four possible degradation pathways are hypothesized. Therefore, efficient electrochemical degradation of LC by using an extremely long-life Ti/PbO₂ electrode with high catalytic activity may be a promising method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]