Triazole Appended Metal–Organic Framework for CO2 Fixation as Cyclic Carbonates Under Solvent-Free Ambient Conditions.

One of the efficient approaches to achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emissions is the 100% atom-economical conversion of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO₂) to cost-effective, less toxic cyclic carbonates that can act as green solvents and abundant C1 synthon in organic synthesis. In this work, we have synthesized an Indium Metal–Organic Framework (MOF), functionalized with triazole MIL-68(In)-NHTr (Tr = 1-methylene-1,2,4-triazole) as a bifunctional catalyst for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides with high yield (96%) and selectivity (100%) under solvent-free ambient reaction conditions (CO₂ pressure 1 bar, temperature 50 °C, and reaction time 6 h). The synergistic acid–base effect of Indium SBU and the triazole of MIL-68(In)-NHTr make this a better catalyst than the conventional MIL-68(In)-NH₂. This new catalyst was non-leachable and was reusable for six consecutive catalytic cycles without appreciable loss in the catalytic efficiency and crystallinity of the MOF framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]