Про можливість створення кріогенних гелієвих і водневих установок високої продуктивності та ефективності на основі машин динамічного принципу дії.

When creating cryogenic helium and hydrogen units of high productivity, it is necessary to solve the complex problem of compressing large quantities of such light gases as helium and hydrogen. Compressors of such cryogenic units must provide significant degrees of pressure increase, be distinguished by high reliability, small dimensions and weight. Compressor machines with a volumetric principle of action – piston and screw compressors – are not suitable for this for a number of reasons. The analysis shows that with the current state of compressor construction, it is impossible to create suitable centrifugal turbochargers for this. This is explained by the low densities of helium and hydrogen, high sound speeds in them, which leads to small degrees of their compression in one stage of the turbocompressor. The article shows that the number of compression stages can be significantly reduced when switching to compressing mixtures of hydrogen and helium with heavy low-temperature refrigerants, for example, R12, R13, R14. It should be taken into account that the use of refrigerants in mixtures with hydrogen and helium leads to an increase in power consumption for compression compared to similar processes for pure hydrogen and helium. Two options for solving this problem are considered, which allow the work of compression of mixtures to be brought closer to the work of compressing pure cryoagents, or even to make it lower. One of the options is based on the organization of the compression of the cryoagent in the medium of the boiling refrigerant, and the other is based on the alternation of the processes of compression and intermediate cooling of the mixture with the boiling refrigerant. In addition, in order to find the optimal intermediate parameters of the mixture in the unit, a system of equations was obtained that can be solved by numerical methods. All this makes it possible to develop high-performance and efficient KHUs based on machines based on the dynamic principle of operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]