The Research Progress and Prospects of the NIGT1.2 Gene in Plants.

Phosphate (Pi) is an important nutrient element for plant growth and development and it plays an important role in the process of plant life activities. Nitrate is also an essential nutrient element for plant growth and a regulator of various metabolic and developmental pathways. Plant requirements for phosphate and nitrate are interdependent, and the acquisition of one of them must be balanced with the acquisition of the other. Maintaining the steady state of phosphate and nitrate content in plants is a key to the normal development of the plants. However, only a few studies have been carried out on the mechanism of how plants nitrate and phosphate homeostasis regulate. In this paper, we summarized the structure and function of an MYB-related transcription factor NITRATE-INDUCIBLE, GARP-TYPE TRANSCRIPTIONAL REPRESSOR1.2 (NIGT1.2) (also known as HHO2), it regulates phosphate and nitrate uptake in plants. Furthermore, we reviewed the molecular mechanism of NIGT1.2 regulating the dynamic balance of phosphate and nitrate in plants. Under phosphate starvation conditions, NIGT1.2 directly regulates the transcription factor of phosphate transporters PHT1.1 and PHT1.4, increasing phosphate absorption. Conversely, under nitrate starvation conditions, the expression of NIGT1.2 is inhibited by NIN-LIKE PROTEIN (NLP), the inhibition of nitrate transporter by NIGT1.2 will be eliminated, and the expression of nitrate transporter NRT1.1 is upregulated, increasing nitrate absorption. The result will provide the potential guidelines to create high phosphate and nitrate balance uptake and utilization in plants variety for sustainable agricultural and forestry development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]