Dermoscopy observation of five cases of pilar sheath acanthoma and a literature review.

This article discusses a rare condition called pilar sheath acanthoma, which is a benign follicular hamartoma that typically affects adults aged 40-70 years old. The study analyzed five cases of pilar sheath acanthoma diagnosed through dermoscopy and histopathology. The clinical manifestations included red papules on the mandible, eyelid, and nose, with a central opening covered with gray-white scabs. Dermoscopic features showed dark red papules with white translucent scales, "four-leaf clover" and white circle-shaped structures, and punctate and linear blood vessels. Histopathological examination revealed cystic dilatation of the hair follicle and a lobulated tumor mass protruding to the dermis. Surgical resection was performed, and no recurrence was observed during follow-up. The article provides insights into the diagnosis and dermoscopic features of pilar sheath acanthoma, helping improve diagnostic sensitivity for this condition. [Extracted from the article]