Research Progress of Toxic Effects of Micro-nano Plastics on Terrestrial Mammals.

As a new type of environmental pollutant, micro-nano plastics (MNPs) are widely distributed and difficult to degrade. MNPs persist in organism and can also serve as carriers for other pollutants, facilitating the transfer of pollutants through the food chain. MNPs pose a potential serious threat to human health and have received extensive attention. While the toxicity of MNPs in aquatic animals has been studied extensively, the effects and mechanisms of MNPs in terrestrial mammals remain elusive. This review summarizes the accumulation, distribution, reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, induced inflammatory response and gut microbiota change of MNPs in animals. It also systematically analyzes the effects of MNPs on human health and identifies key risk factors of MNPs. Based on the previous findings and potential gaps, the review proposes future directions for the study of biological toxicity of MNPs. The aim is to contribute to the understanding of the toxicological mechanism, prevention of bio-hazards, toxic damage repair and the development of medicine in the field of MNPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]