Back to Search Start Over

Impact of Protease Inhibitor-Based Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy on Fetal Subcutaneous Fat Tissue in HIV-Pregnant Women in a Middle-Income Country.

Authors :
Borboa-Olivares, Hector
Estrada-Gutierrez, Guadalupe
Martinez-Portilla, Raigam Jafet
Espino-y-Sosa, Salvador
Flores-Pliego, Arturo
Espejel-Nuñez, Aurora
Camacho-Arroyo, Ignacio
Solis-Paredes, Juan Mario
Villafan-Bernal, Jose Rafael
Torres-Torres, Johnatan
Source :
Viruses (1999-4915); Jan2024, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p10, 11p
Publication Year :
2024

Abstract

Background: HIV infection continues to be a global public health challenge, affecting approximately 1.7 million reproductive-aged women. Protease inhibitor-based highly active antiretroviral therapy (PI-HAART) has significantly reduced the risk of vertical transmission of HIV from mother to child. Nevertheless, concerns linger regarding the long-term effects, particularly on body composition, notably subcutaneous fat tissue (SFT). Although HIV-associated lipodystrophy syndrome (LS) has been well documented in adults and older children, its impact on fetuses exposed to PI-HAART remains underexplored. This study aims to evaluate SFT in the fetuses of HIV-pregnant women exposed to PI-HAART, assessing the potential clinical implications. Methods: We conducted a comparative study between HIV-pregnant women receiving PI-HAART and an HIV-negative control group. Fetometry measurements were obtained via 3D ultrasound. SFT in the fetal arm and thigh segments was assessed. Data were analyzed using lineal multivariate regression and receiver-operating characteristics (ROC)-curve analysis. Results: Fetuses exposed to PI-HAART exhibited a significant reduction in subcutaneous fat, particularly in the proximal third-middle union of the femur (coefficient: −2.588, p = 0.042). This reduction was correlated with lower newborn serum glucose levels (65.7 vs. 56.1, p = 0.007; coefficient: −1.277, p = 0.045). Conclusions: Our study sheds light on the connection between PI-HAART, fetal subcutaneous fat, and neonatal health. These findings might reveal the long-lasting effects of PI-HAART on newborns and children's well-being. Our results emphasize the need for a more balanced approach to managing pregnant women with HIV in developing countries and open new venues for research on the impact of intrauterine PI-HAART exposure on energy metabolism and fetal programming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
19994915
Volume :
16
Issue :
1
Database :
Complementary Index
Journal :
Viruses (1999-4915)
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
175130638
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/v16010010