Time dependence of SrVO3 thermionic electron emission properties.

Single phase, polycrystalline perovskite oxide SrVO₃, with its intrinsic low effective work function and facile synthesis process, is a promising thermionic electron emitter cathode candidate, in which previous works have shown evidence of an effective work function as low as 2.3 eV. In this work, we study the vacuum activation process of SrVO₃ and find that it has promising emission stability over 15 days of continuous high temperature operation. We find that SrVO₃ shows surface Sr and O segregation during its operation, which we hypothesize is needed to create a positive surface dipole, leading to a low effective work function. Emission repeatability from cyclic heating and cooling suggests the promising stability of the low effective work function surface, and additional observations of drift-free emission during 1 h of continuous emission testing at high temperature further demonstrate its excellent performance stability. This assessment of the emission stability over time and the interplay of evolving surface chemistry with emission behavior are necessary for understanding how best to prepare, process, and operate SrVO₃ cathodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]