COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF NANOBIOFUSION GEL AND CHLORHEXIDINE GEL AS AN ADJUNCT TO SCALING AND ROOT PLANING IN THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS: A CLINICO MICROBIOLOGICAL STUDY.

Periodontitis is a polymicrobial disease, characterized by distinct pathogens which results in the destruction of periodontal tissues. Early identification of periodontal pathogens can aid in the rationale of conservative treatment approaches. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is one of the rapid methods for easy identification of microbial pathogens. Nano biofusion (NBF)gel contains nanoparticles which are efficient in rapidly penetrating the cells possessing special property of substantivity, antimicrobial, and anti inflammatory activity. Chlorhexidine gel(CHX gel) has long been used in dentistry and exhibits bacteriostatic, bactericidal and anti-inflammatory properties. Hence present study aimed to compare clinical and microbiological effectiveness of locally delivered NBF gel and chlorhexidine gel as an adjunctive therapy to scaling and root planning (SRP) in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Microbiological assessment was done suing Fluorescent In situ Hybridisation (FISH) technology to visualize, identify and quantitate Porphyromonas gingivalis (known Periodontal pathogen), Filifactor Alocis, Synergistes species (Novel pathogens). METHODOLOGY: The study sample consisted of 75 sites from Chronic periodontitis patients of both genders within the age group of 30-60 years. Study samples were divided into 3 treatment groups based on their inclusion and exclusion criteria as Group A, Group B and Group C. GROUP A comprised of 25 sites which received Full mouth scaling and root planing alone. GROUP B comprised of 25 sites which received Full mouth scaling and root planing followed by NBF gel application. GROUP C comprised of 25 sites which received full mouth scaling and root planing followed by CHX gel application. Patients in all the three groups were evaluated at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks interval and clinical parameters such as plaque index, Modified sulcular bleeding index(MSBI), Probing pocket depth(PPD) and clinical attachment level(CAL) were recorded. Subgingival samples were collected from 10 sites of each group(GROUP A, GROUP B, GROUP C) at baseline and after 6 weeks and the microbiological analysis were carried to visualize, identify and quantitate Porphyromonas gingivalis (known Periodontal pathogen), Filifactor Alocis, Synergistes species (Novel pathogens) from all the three groups using Fluorescent In situ Hybridisation (FISH) technology. RESULTS: In the present study, group B(SRP + NBF gel) and group C (SRP+CHX gel) showed progressive improvements in all the clinical and microbiological parameters on evaluated time periods. However group C (SRP+CHX) has Shown significantly higher improvement in reducing the bacterial count as compared to Group B(SRP+NBF gel) and Group A(SRP alone). In NBF gel, the NBF of propolis along withVitamin C and Vitamin E has brought about the tremendous improvement in periodontal health of the patients. Chlorhexidine (CHX) gluconate present in hexigel has both bacteriostatic abactericidal activity and also exhibits antiin flammatory properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]