Existence of solutions by coincidence degree theory for Hadamard fractional differential equations at resonance.

Using the coincidence degree theory of Mawhin and constructing appropriate operators, we investigate the existence of solutions to Hadamard fractional differential equations (FRDEs) at resonance ... where 1 < γ < 2, f: [1, e]×R² → R satisfies Carathéodory conditions, ∫^e₁ u(t)dA(t) is the Riemann-Stieltjes integration, and (^HD^γu) is the Hadamard fractional derivation of u of order γ. An example is included to illustrate our result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]