Changes in the immunobiological status of cattle in experimental ixodiasis.

Ixodic ticks are temporary parasites. They are on the host during bloodsucking only. The female tick needs from 6 to 8 days for full saturation, while the body size increases up to 120 times. One female tick drinks up to 4 ml of blood. The article describes the functional disorders of the body of cattle with experimentally modeled Ixodiasis by Dermacentor reticulatus ticks. The tick-borne Ixodiasis or Toxicosis of cattle is isolated into a separate nosological group. Young animals are especially vulnerable to the mass attack of ixodic ticks. During the summer season animals can lose up to 5 liters of blood in strong attack areas and the average daily loss of milk reaches 4.8 – 10 G per 1 kg body weight. The results of functional changes (body temperature, pulse, number of heart contractions, respiratory movements) were protocoled. In 87% of cases the strong inflammatory reactions were not found at the attachment sites of ixodic ticks, however, 13% of animals showed signs of inflammation: slight swelling at the bite sites, redness and discharge of blood and lymph droplets, which drying out formed crusts. Based on the experiment conducted it was found that a mass attack (50 female ixodic ticks and more) the cattle causes the Ixodiasis disease. It is manifested by Erythropenia and the severe Leukocytosis (Eosinophilia, Neutrophilia and Lymphocytosis, Hypoalbuminemia, Hyperglobulinemia against the background of total protein reduction, decreased activity of alkaline phosphatase, that indicates an allergic effect of tick metabolites and general intoxication of animal organism.) during all days of observation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]