Opportunities in Antenna Development by Using Distilled Water.

This paper presents some opportunities in the development of antennas when using Distilled Water (DW) as a dielectric with high relative electrical permittivity (er(DW) = 80). By embedding an antenna in DW, the electrical growth of the antenna is achieved without significantly increasing its physical size. In other words, the antenna will resonate at frequencies lower than those to whom it originally resonated. It was also found that the antennas developed through this technique are usually multiband antennas, offering various resonance frequencies at frequencies lower than the original ones. Finally, the change in radiation patterns was also verified through the use of this technique that allows beamforming to be carried out by varying the size and shape of the DW block. The development of more efficient antennas has a direct impact on the energy consumption of wireless systems, which represents an effective contribution to climate change mitigation, the reason that the improvement of antennas is a very important research area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]