Standardized Multi-Dimensional WBS for Enhanced BIM and Data Analytics in LPG Facility Projects.

The escalating consumption of LPG in Indonesia has prompted the country's National Oil & Gas Company to embark on constructing a new LPG Facility. This paper addresses the imperative to streamline the Front-End Loading (FEL) stage to prevent cost and schedule overruns due to scope creep. The primary objective is to formulate a comprehensive Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) and Cost Breakdown Structure (CBS) for the LPG Facility Construction project, aimed at facilitating accurate cost estimation and scheduling processes for diverse stakeholders. Using the unfolded tesseract theory to analyze stakeholder needs and elucidate the object-oriented WBS, a Multi-Attribute Decision Making (MADM) analysis was conducted. The study concludes that a multidimensional WBS, particularly employing OmniClass, is the optimal choice for addressing the complexities of the LPG Facility Project and meeting stakeholder needs within BIM software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]