Evaluating power flow capabilities of HVDC and HVAC transmission system.

Direct Current (DC) systems are in some instances preferred for electricity transmission due to having higher efficiency than Alternating Current (AC) systems, which also have certain interoperability constraints. These constraints include inability of synchronization of AC systems operating at different frequencies. In High Voltage DC (HVDC) systems, electricity is majorly generated as AC, then transmitted over long distances as DC to minimize losses, and is finally reconverted into AC for consumer loads. This paper proposes an HVDC-based power flow method with various power set points and load flow equations with the priority being accurate modeling of control techniques for control of the power converters. The numerical methodology relies on the fast, yet accurate converging of the Newton-Raphson method (NRM) in solving complex synchronized high-voltage AC and DC networks, with power generation and operation disparities put into consideration. A five-bus network is used to illustrate the proposed method and active and reactive power flows compared with and without the HVDC. Greater power transfer capabilities are registered with HVDC implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]